The Role of Chance and Fate
Murder on the Orient ExpressThe novel explores the role of chance occurrences, such as the snowdrift and Poirot's presence, that shape the outcome of the conspiracy.
increasing
Bearing strength in each event
decreasing
The Unexpected Snowdrift

The Unexpected Snowdrift
The Plan's Derailment
The conspirators had planned for the train to continue to Brod, where the murderer would leave. The snowdrift disrupts this, trapping everyone on the train. This chance event forces the conspirators to improvise and creates a closed environment for the investigation.
The Test of the Conspiracy
The snowdrift tests the conspirators' resolve. They must maintain their lies while being confined with the detective. The chance occurrence of the snowdrift could have led to their exposure, but they manage to hold together.
The Role of Nature
Nature, in the form of the snowstorm, becomes an active agent in the plot. It is a random force that both helps and hinders the characters. The novel suggests that fate is not entirely under human control.
Poirot's Presence on the Train

Poirot's Presence on the Train
The Unplanned Passenger
Poirot was not supposed to be on the train. He had intended to stay in Istanbul, but a telegram recalled him to England. The conspirators had to quickly adapt to his presence, which complicated their plan.
The Threat of Exposure
Poirot's reputation as a detective makes him a dangerous adversary. The conspirators must be extra careful. His presence adds a layer of tension to the story, as he is the wild card that could unravel everything.
The Inevitable Discovery
Despite their efforts, Poirot discovers the truth. His presence on the train seems almost fated. The novel implies that some things are meant to be, and that the conspirators' plan was destined to be uncovered by the one man who could understand it.
The Charred Note Fragment

The Charred Note Fragment
The Accidental Survival
Ratchett had burnt a letter mentioning the Armstrong case, but a fragment survived. Poirot uses his curling-tongs to reconstruct the word "Armstrong." This small piece of evidence is a stroke of luck for Poirot and a disaster for the conspirators.
The Turning Point
The fragment gives Poirot the crucial link to the Armstrong case. Without it, he might not have discovered the motive. The chance survival of the fragment is a key turning point in the investigation.
The Irony of Fate
The conspirators thought they had destroyed all evidence, but fate intervened. The charred note is a metaphor for the truth that cannot be completely erased. The novel suggests that justice, in some form, will always come to light.
Late night, after the train leaves Vincovci
From the beginning of the journey
Discovered during the examination of the body